Equation of state for ideal gases (gas laws: Gay-Lussac, Amontons, Boyle)

Principle

The state of a gas is determined by temperature, pressure and amount of substance. For the limiting case of ideal gases, these state variables are linked via the general equation of state. For a change of state under isochoric conditions this equation becomes Amontons' law. In this experiment it is investigated whether Amontons' law is valid for a constant amount of gas (air).

Benefits

• Unique system: All gas laws can be measured with the same setup
• Very compact setup, can be stored in the shelf and is always ready to use
• Very demonstrative: Volume is read directly at the gas syringe, temperature and pressure are measured with sensors in real-time
• Heating system is integrated in experiment setup
• Direct and versatile measurement with Cobra SMARTsense.

Tasks

• For a constant amount of gas (air) investigate the correlation of

1. Volume and pressure at constant temperature (Boyle and Mariotte's law)
2. Volume and temperature at constant pressure (Gay-Lussac's law)
3. Pressue and temperature at constant volume (Charles' (Amontons' law))

• From the relationships obtained calculate the universal gas constant as well as the coefficient of thermal expansion, the coefficient of thermal tension, and the coefficient of cubic compressibility.
  

Learning objectives

• Thermal tension coefficient
• General equation of state for ideal gases
• Universal gas constant
• Amontons' law

Software included. Computer not provided.