X-ray fluorescence and Moseley's law

Article no. P2524715 | Type: Experiments

45 Minutes
45 Minutes
University
Students
heavy

Principle

The irradiation of iodine, barium (sulfat), silver and tin with soft gamma-radiations gives rise to Ka radiations characteristics of these elements. The X-ray spectra are recorded with a gamma spectrometer consisting of a scintillation counter, a pulse height analyser and a recorder. After calibration of the spectrometer, the Rydberg constant is determined from the energies of the X-ray lines, using Moseley's law.

Benefits

  • A high ranking nuclear physics experiment can be performed by students within some hours
  • The combination of multichannel analyzer (MCA), gamma detector and high precision HV power supply leads to precise results
  • Fundamental Rydberg's constant and Mosley's law are easily determined

Tasks

  1. Calibration of the gamma-spectrometer in the low energy range, using the Ba-resonance line Cs-137 emitter (32 keV) and the gamma-line of 241 Am at 59.6 keV.
  2. Recording of the X-ray fluorescence spectra (Ka-lines) of different elements and determination of the corresponding energies.
  3. Plotting of the measured X-ray energies according to Moseley's law against (Z-1) 2 and determination of the Rydberg constant R; from the slope of the resulting lines.

Learning objectives

  • Binding energy
  • Photoelectric eftect
  • Shell structure of electron shells
  • Characteristic X-ray radiation
  • g-spectrometry
  • X-ray spectral analysis

 

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